Bucket elevator is a mechanical equipment for conveying powder, granular and small block materials vertically or obliquely. It is widely used in grain, cement, chemical, mining, metallurgy and other industries. Its core features are high conveying efficiency, small footprint and good sealing. It is suitable for continuous conveying of materials from low to high.
Working principle of bucket elevator
The operation of bucket elevator mainly relies on the coordinated work of drive device, traction component (belt or chain), hopper, casing and other components. The specific process is as follows:
1. Loading stage (feeding)
• The material enters the elevator from the bottom feed port and falls into the running hopper by gravity or forced feeding.
• Low-speed elevators usually use digging loading (suitable for powdery and small-particle materials).
• High-speed elevators mostly use pouring loading (suitable for blocky and poorly fluid materials).
2. Lifting stage (conveying)
• The motor drives the traction component (belt/chain) to drive the hopper to rise vertically or obliquely.
• The material remains stable in the hopper to avoid spilling and ensure the conveying efficiency.
3. Discharging stage (discharging)
• When the hopper runs to the top drive wheel, the material is thrown out due to centrifugal force or gravity.
• Centrifugal unloading: Applicable to high-speed elevators (such as TD type), relying on centrifugal force to throw out materials.
• Gravity unloading: Applicable to low-speed elevators (such as TH type), materials slide out by their own weight.
• The materials are discharged through the discharge port and enter the next process.
4. Return stage (empty bucket return)
• The empty bucket after unloading returns to the bottom along the downward section and re-enters the loading area to form a circular conveying.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What should I do if the bucket elevator deviates?
• Check whether the tensioning device is adjusted in place.
• Ensure that the driving wheel and the driven wheel are parallel to avoid belt/chain deviation.
Q2: How to choose the type of bucket elevator?
• TD type: high-speed centrifugal unloading, suitable for small particles.
• TH type: low-speed gravity unloading, suitable for fragile or blocky materials.
• NE type: plate chain structure, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, suitable for heavy load conditions.
Q3: What should be paid attention to in bucket elevator maintenance?
• Regularly check the chain/belt wear.
• Clean the accumulated material inside the casing to prevent clogging.
• Lubricate the bearings and chains to reduce friction loss.
Bucket elevators achieve efficient vertical transportation of materials through continuous circulation of bucket conveying. Choosing the right model (such as TD, TH, NE) and maintaining it correctly can greatly improve production efficiency.
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